BUDDHA GESTURE កាយវិការព្រះពុទ្ធ

កាយវិការព្រះពុទ្ធ

Buddha's Gestures

១. កាយវិការដែលធ្វើឲ្យទុកចិត្ត ឬអភ័យបុទ្រារ:

( Abhaya Mudra)

ពីការដែលព្រះពុទ្ធសំដែងធម៌ ប្រោសសត្វលោក និងសំដែងនូវការពុំខ្លាចអ្វីទាំងអស់ ។ ព្រះអង្គទ្រង់ព្រះកាយឈរ ព្រះហស្តស្តាំរាចេញ ទៅខាងមុខ ចំណែកព្រះហស្ទឆ្វេងវិញសំយុងចុះក្រោម ។

1-Abhaya Mudra - Protection or absence-of-fear gesture 

This  is when  the  Buddha gave his sacred sermons to save the  lives of human beings  and  taught  his disciples  the  ways to  dispel  fear. The  Buddha stands or sits with  his  right  hand  shown  up  to  execute  the  Abhaya Mudra, while  the  left hand  hangs  down  at his side.

២. កាយវិការសម្បុរស ឬការធ្វើទាន ដែលហៅថា វរមុទ្រារ: (Vara Mudra)

មានព្រះហស្តទាំងពីរសំយុងចុះ ហើយបាតព្រះហស្តបែរទៅខាងមុខជានិច្ច ដូចជាព្រះពុទ្ធរូបប្រទានអភ័យមុទ្រាដែរ ព្រះពុទ្ធរូបមានកាយវិកា វរមុទ្រារ នេះ មានស្ថានភាពគង់ពត់ព្រះភ្នែនក៏មាន ទ្រង់ឈរក៏មាន ។

The Varada mudra is nearly always shown made with the left hand by a revered figure devoted to human salvation from greed, anger and delusion.

The Varada mudra can be made with the arm crooked and the palm offered slightly turned up or in the case of the arm facing down the palm presented with the fingers upright or slightly bent.

The Varada mudra is rarely seen without another mudra used by the right hand, typically the Abhaya mudra. It is often confused with the Vitarka mudra, which it closely resembles.

In China and Japan during the Wei and Asuka periods respectively the fingers are stiff and then gradually begin to loosen as it developed through time, eventually leading to the Tang Dynasty were the fingers are naturally curved.

In India the Varada mudra is used in images of Avalokitesvara from the Gupta Period of the 4th and 5th centuries.

This mudra symbolizes charity, compassion and boon-granting. It is the mudra of the accomplishment of the wish to devote oneself to human salvation. It is nearly always made with the left hand, and can be made with the arm hanging naturally at the side of the body, the palm of the open hand facing forward, and the fingers extended.

 

Varada mudra: Charity, Compassion

The five extended fingers in this mudra symbolize the following five perfections:

Generosity

Morality

Patience

Effort

Meditative Concentration

This mudra is rarely used alone, but usually in combination with another made with the right hand, often the Abhaya mudra (described below). This combination of Abhaya and Varada mudras is called Segan Semui-in or Yogan Semui-in in Japan.

៣. កាយវិការនៃទល្បីធម្ម ឬវិធីកមុទ្រា: (Argumentation or Vitarka Mudra)

មានបាតព្រះហស្តបែរទៅមុខ ហើយម្រាមកណ្តាលទេប៉ះ និងចុងមេដៃជានិច្ច ។

Vitarka Mudra

 The Buddha statues and the iconographic representations of other Buddhas and Bodhisattvas are often depicted with their hands performing a number of different poses and ritual postures. These hand gestures and postures are commonly known as the Mudras. Among various mudras we can see in these sculptures, Vitarka mudra is one of the much commonly found mudra or poses. Vitarka Mudra is the mudra or a gesture representing the discussion and transmission of the teachings by the Buddha. It is also taken as the hand gesture which induces the energy of the teachings and discussions of the spiritual principles which may also involve the arguments of the ideas. These discussions may also feel like the transmission of a particular teaching without the use of words.